The Neck and Car Accidents
Anatomically, the neck is the cervical spine and has seven small, ring-shaped bones or vertebrae. Facet joints connect each bone to the next, and intervertebral discs have a jelly-like filling that gives those joints and bones cushioning and shock support.
In addition, neck bones get support from soft tissue and fibrous connective tissue, such as muscles, ligaments, and tendons. They are what give the cervical spine mobility and protect the spinal cord located within the spinal column. The spinal cord makes up half of the body’s central nervous system (CNS).
Any area of the neck can suffer injury in a car accident. However, some parts are more prone to harm than others. The stretching or tearing of tissues is more likely to happen than shattering or breaking bones since it takes more force to damage hard bone than soft tissue. The neck's delicate structures are more vulnerable to injury during most car accidents.
What Motor Vehicle Collisions Can Cause Neck Injuries?
All motor vehicle accidents can cause neck injuries—even at seemingly low speeds that cause minimal damage to the vehicles involved. For example, just because a car accident happened in a parking lot at a low speed or was a minor fender bender doesn’t mean that neck injuries can’t result.- Rear-end collisions occur when one vehicle crashes into the vehicle in front of it. They usually occur because of driver inattention or distraction, following too closely, and poor road or weather conditions.
- Side-impact collisions are also known as broadside or T-bone collisions. They happen when the side of one or more vehicles hits another. These collisions typically occur in parking lots, intersections, or when two vehicles pass on a roadway.
- Rollover accidents usually occur in SUVs, vans, or large trucks with high centers of gravity. These vehicles flip over onto the roof or roll several times, often causing the ejection of occupants. Wearing seat belts reduces the risk of injury significantly, but victims are still at risk of neck injuries.
- Head-on collisions are extremely serious. They happen when the front ends of two vehicles hit each other, traveling in opposite directions.
Car Accident Claims for Neck Injuries
When someone else is responsible for your neck injury, you can hold them liable for your injury-related losses by filing an insurance claim or personal injury lawsuit. The value of your neck injury claim will depend on the severity of your injury and how it affects your life. Common damages in neck injury claims include:- Medical bills for diagnostic tests, specialist appointments, follow-up care, physical therapy, medication, etc.
- Lost income if your neck injury prevents you from working and you lose any earnings.
- Pain and suffering, as a neck injury can cause chronic pain, movement restrictions, stiffness, and other serious effects on your everyday life.
- Permanent injuries if your neck injury will never fully heal, and you will experience ongoing pain indefinitely.
Types of Neck Injuries
The neck protects the spinal cord between the brain and the rest of the body and supports the head. A motor vehicle collision can result in various medical issues in the neck area, which may also strike other body parts. Some potential neck injuries include:- Soft tissue injuries in the neck occur when a car accident hyperextends or stretches the muscles, ligaments, or tendons.
- Whiplash is a general term for when the neck and head violently snap back and forth. Whiplash may also indicate injury to the bones of the neck.
- Herniated discs occur when the discs between the bones of your neck partially slip out of place into your spinal canal, causing severe and chronic discomfort and pain.
- Facet joint injury—the facet joints in the cervical spine assist with head and neck stabilization and mobility. The forceful impact of a car collision often inflames and irritates the neck's facet joints. Car accidents can also injure surrounding ligaments, which can damage the neck joints' movement and range of motion. In addition, facet joint injuries often result in immediate pain. These injuries can also lead to a degenerative spinal disorder called facet joint syndrome, which can become debilitating if someone does not receive proper treatment.
- Cervical dislocation or fracture happens when a car crash knocks the bones of your neck out of place or breaks them. Neck fractures are particularly painful. Don't move without medical assistance if you think you might have a fracture. Doing so can injure your spinal cord resulting in paralysis.
- Spinal cord injury (SCI) can occur with an abrupt vertebral fracture or dislocation. The vertebrae can tear or sever the spinal cord, possibly resulting in paralysis or even death.
- Cuts and lacerations are caused by flying debris, glass, or objects hitting the neck, resulting in cuts, lacerations, abrasions, and bruising. Deep cuts or lacerations can even damage the neck ligaments and tendons.
- Muscle spasms happen when the neck's soft tissues randomly contract and release, typically leading to pain, swelling, and stiffness. Muscle spasms frequently indicate a more extensive muscle injury, such as a neck sprain. These painful and sometimes debilitating spasms might last up to two weeks. If they continue longer than one month, you should seek medical re-evaluation.
Symptoms of Neck Injuries After a Car Accident
Neck injury symptoms can vary based on the particular type and extent of the injury. Symptoms of neck injury might include:- Headaches
- Dizziness
- Problems turning your head
- Pain or stiffness in your neck
- Pain that radiates to the shoulders, arms, and hands
- Constant or shooting pain in your legs or arms
- Inability to move parts of your body or weakness in various body parts
- Tingling, numbness, or weakness in the arms, hands, and fingers
- Weakness or inability to lift fairly lightweight objects
- Pain or pinching sensations in the shoulders, neck, or back
- Decreased vision or hearing
- Developing feelings of anxiety, stress, or inexplicable panic
- Do you have a history of neck or back pain or injury?
- Where is the pain located?
- How severe is the pain on a scale of one to ten?
- What kind of motor vehicle collision were you involved in? For example, was it a rear-end accident or a side impact accident?
- When did the accident happen?
- How fast were the cars going at the time of impact?
- What other symptoms are you experiencing besides pain?